// template4.cpp		By: Aiman Hanna -  ©1993-2006 Aiman Hanna

// This program provides more information on template functions. The program shows 
// additional examples of template functions, where there is more than one formal 
// type, and when the passed arguments to the function include something more 
// than just a simple type (for example, an array). 
//
//	Key Points: 	1) template functions. 

#include <iostream.h>


// Template functions that has two formal types, called "T" and "U". The 
// function expects two parameters. Each of the parameters can be either an 
// integer, or a double. The functions "min" finds the smaller of the two 
// values and returns it as a double value. 
// You should notice that this function is not that flexible, in the sense that 
// the return type is always double, instead of a template type.  

template <class T, class U>
double min( T a, U b )
{
  return a < b ? double(a) :  double(b);	// cast the return value to double
}




// template function that finds an returns the minimum value in an array. The 
// second parameter to the function indicates the range of the array to be 
// checked. The size of the passed array is assumed to be more than the passed 
// range. 

template <class T> 	
T mininarr( const T arr[], int range )
{
  T min_value = arr[0];
  for (int i = 1; i <= range; i++)
  	if( arr[i] < min_value )
	   min_value = arr[i];

  return min_value;	
}







int main( )
{
 int i1 = 10, i2 = 12;
 double d1 = 13.2, d2 = 1.9;
 char ch1 = 'f', ch2 = 'k'; 

 int intarr[8] = {12, 5, 7, 3, 2, 4, 5, 9};
 double dblarr[6] = {2.7, 3.2, 4.9, 9.4, 1.1, 7.2};
 char chararr[10] = {'s', 'd', 'l', 'k', 'o', 'p', 'e', 's', 'u', 't'};
 

 cout << " The minimum value of i1 & d2 is: " << min( i1, d2 ) << endl << endl;
 cout << " The minimum value of d2 & i2 is: " << min( d1, i2 ) << endl << endl;
 cout << " The minimum value of d1 & d2 is: " << min( d1, d2 ) << endl << endl;
 cout << " The minimum value of i1 & i2 is: " << min( i1, i2 ) << endl << endl;

 // We can still compare characters, but must cast here otherwise the function will 
 // just show the ASCII value of the character

 cout << " The minimum value of ch1 & ch2 is: " << char(min( ch1, ch2 )) << endl << endl;
 
 cout << " The smallest value in the first 6 elements in intarr is: " 
      << mininarr(intarr, 5) << endl << endl;

 cout << " The smallest value in the first 4 elements in dblarr is: " 
      << mininarr(dblarr, 3) << endl << endl;

  cout << " The smallest value in the first 10 elements in chararr is: " 
      << mininarr(chararr, 9) << endl << endl;

return 0;
}


// Note: If you compile in HP-UX, use +a1 to compile. Nothing to be done for VC++ 

// The output of the program 
/*
 The minimum value of i1 & d2 is: 1.9

 The minimum value of d2 & i2 is: 12

 The minimum value of d1 & d2 is: 1.9

 The minimum value of i1 & i2 is: 10

 The minimum value of ch1 & ch2 is: f

 The smallest value in the first 6 elements in intarr is: 2

 The smallest value in the first 4 elements in dblarr is: 2.7

 The smallest value in the first 10 elements in chararr is: d
*/